CONTENTS INTRODUCTION
PART 1 SCOPE
Government departments
Courts, tribunals and inquiries
PROVISION OF INFORMATION
Information to be published or made available routinely
Information to be provided on request
Legal obligations and restrictions
PROCEDURES
Access to Information Officer
Requests for Information
Responses to requests for information
Target response times
THIRD PARTY INFORMATION
CHARGES
REVIEW
PART 2 INFORMATION THAT MAY BE REFUSED
Defence and security
External affairs
Nationality, immigration and consular matters
Law enforcement, legal proceedings and public safety
Damage to the environment
Management of the economy
Management and operation of the public service
Internal discussion and advice
Public employment and public appointments
Improper gain or advantage
Research, statistics and analysis
Third party information
Privacy of the individual
Business affairs
Premature requests
Legal restrictions
The Government exists to serve the community as well as possible within available resources. To this end it recognises the need for the community to be well informed about the Government, the services it provides and the basis for policies and decisions that affect individuals and the community as a whole.
This Code defines the scope of information that will be provided, sets out how the information will be made available either routinely or in response to a request, and lays down procedures governing its prompt release.
The Code authorises and requires civil servants, routinely or on request, to provide information unless there are specific reasons for not doing so. These reasons are set out in Part 2 and will normally be referred to if a request for information is refused.
Requests for information will be handled as promptly and helpfully as possible and if necessary members of the public will be assisted to clarify their requests or direct them to the most appropriate department. Procedures will be kept as simple as possible.
The Code also sets out procedures for review or complaint if a member of the public considers that the provisions of the Code have not been properly applied.
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1.1 The Code applies to all government departments (1) as listed at Annex A. [July 97]
(1) The term "department" includes any department, bureau, force, service, unit, secretariat, or other agency of the Government, however styled. [July 97]
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1.2 The Code does not apply to information held by courts, tribunals or inquiries. The existing legal rules governing disclosure of information in the context of proceedings before courts, tribunals and inquiries are not affected by the Code.
1.3 The Code does, however, apply to other information held by the Registry of the Supreme Court, all registries and administrative offices of courts and tribunals for which the Judiciary Administrator has responsibility, and secretariats and similar offices of other tribunals and inquiries.
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1.4 Each year departments will publish -
They will also publish, or make available for inspection at appropriate locations -
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1.5 Whenever a service for the public is introduced or changed the department responsible will publish sufficient information to explain the nature of the service or change, and who will be affected by it.
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1.6 Each department will also, on request, provide additional information relating to its policies, services, decisions and other matters falling within its area of responsibility, except that requests for information in the areas listed in Part 2 may be refused.
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1.7 The Code does not affect statutory rights of access to information. Equally the Code does not affect legal restrictions on access to information whether these are statutory prohibitions, or obligations arising under common law or international agreements which apply to Hong Kong.
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1.8 Each department will designate an Access to Information Officer who will be responsible for promoting and overseeing the application of the Code.
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1.9 Requests for information may be made orally or in writing.
1.10 Oral requests will usually suffice where the information sought can be provided readily and simply, for example by oral replies or provision of leaflets or standard forms. Civil servants may, however, ask for an oral request to be confirmed in writing where necessary or appropriate.
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1.11 Written requests may be made by letter or by the application form at Annex C, and should be addressed to the Access to Information Officer of the department concerned.
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1.12 Responses to requests for information will be given as quickly as possible.
1.13 Where a request, whether written or oral, cannot adequately be met by an oral reply or provision of a standard leaflet, form, etc., the information may be given by -
So far as possible information will be provided in the form in which it exists. Where disclosure of certain information in a record is to be refused, access will normally be provided to the remaining part of the record.
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1.14 The Code does not oblige departments to -
In these circumstances an applicant for information will, where possible, be directed to the appropriate source of the information.
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1.15 However, if a department receives a written request for information which is held by another department, it will transfer the request to that department and so advise the applicant.
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1.16 Where possible information will be made available within ten days (2) of receipt of a written request. If that is not possible the applicant will be so advised by an interim reply within ten days of receipt of the request. The target response time will then be twenty-one days from receipt of the request.
(2)Whenever the term "days" is used in the Code this means "calendar days".
1.17 If a request is to be refused the applicant will be so informed within the timeframe set out in paragraph 1.16 above.
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1.18 Responses may be deferred beyond twenty-one days only in exceptional circumstances, which should be explained to the applicant. Any deferral should not normally exceed a further thirty days.
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1.19 These targets may be extended if necessary to accommodate the third party procedures set out in paragraphs 1.20 - 1.23, or where the applicant fails to pay any charges levied in accordance with paragraph 1.24.
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1.20 Where information requested is held for, or was provided by, a third party under an explicit or implicit understanding that it would not be further disclosed, but a civil servant considers that the public interest may require disclosure, he will so advise the third party and invite him to consent to, or make representations against disclosure. The third party will be asked to respond within thirty days or such reasonable longer period as he may be granted on request.
1.21 On receipt of consent from the third party the information may be disclosed.
1.22 If the third party makes representations against disclosure, or fails to respond within the stipulated time, a decision will be taken as to whether the information should be disclosed on the ground that the public interest in disclosure outweighs any harm or prejudice that would result. The third party will be advised of the decision.
1.23 If the decision is that the information should be disclosed the third party will be notified that disclosure will be made at the expiry of thirty days from the date of the notification.
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1.24 Processing requests for information uses resources and departments may therefore require payment for this service. Any charges levied will reflect the cost of providing the information, and the information will not be released until the requisite payment has been made.
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1.25 Any person who believes that a department has failed to comply with any provision of the Code may ask the department to review the situation.
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1.26 Any person who believes that a department has failed properly to apply any provision of the Code may also complain to The Ombudsman. The Ombudsman's address is - [Dec96]
31/F, Gateway Tower I
25 Canton Road
Tsim Sha Tsui
Kowloon
Telephone : (852) 2629 0555
Fax : (852) 2882 8149
[Dec 95]
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2.1 A department may refuse to disclose information, or may refuse to confirm or deny the existence of information, in the categories and for the reasons set out below, which will normally be referred to if a request is refused.
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2.2 References in this Part to "harm" and "prejudice" include both actual harm and prejudice and the risk or reasonable expectation of harm and prejudice. In such cases the department will consider whether the public interest in disclosure of the information outweighs any harm or prejudice that could result.
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2.3 (a) Information whose disclosure would harm or prejudice Hong Kong's defence.
(b) Information whose disclosure would harm or prejudice Hong Kong's security.
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2.4 (a) Information whose disclosure would harm or prejudice the conduct of external affairs, or relations with other governments or with international organisations.
(b) Information received in confidence from and conveyed in confidence to other governments, courts in other jurisdictions, and international organisations.
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2.5 (a) Information relating to immigration or nationality cases.
(b) Information whose disclosure would harm or prejudice the administration of nationality, registration of persons or immigration matters, or the performance of consular functions as an agent for other governments.
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2.6 (a) Information whose disclosure would harm or prejudice the administration of justice, including the conduct of any trial and the enforcement or administration of the law.
(b) Information whose disclosure would harm or prejudice the conduct or impartial adjudication of legal proceedings or any proceedings conducted or likely to be conducted by a tribunal or inquiry, whether or not such inquiry is public or the disclosure of the information has been or may be considered in any such proceedings.
(c) Information which relates to proceedings which have been completed, terminated or stayed, or which relates to investigations which resulted in or may have resulted in proceedings, whether any such proceedings are criminal or civil.
(d) Information which would be privileged from production in legal proceedings on the ground of legal professional privilege.
(e) Information whose disclosure would harm or prejudice the prevention, investigation and detection of crime and offences, the apprehension or prosecution of offenders, or the security of any detention facility or prison.
(f) Information whose disclosure would harm or prejudice the preservation of the peace, public safety or order, or the preservation of property.
(g) Information whose disclosure might endanger the life or physical safety of any person (whether or not such person is in Hong Kong), or identify the source of information or assistance given in confidence for security purposes, or for the enforcement or administration of the law.
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2.7 Information whose disclosure would increase the likelihood of damage to the environment or to rare or endangered species and their habitats.
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2.8 Information whose disclosure would harm or prejudice the conduct of monetary policy, the maintenance of stability in financial markets, or the ability of the Government to manage the economy.
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2.9 (a) Information whose disclosure would harm or prejudice negotiations, commercial or contractual activities, or the awarding of discretionary grants and ex-gratia payments by a department.
(b) Information whose disclosure would harm or prejudice the competitive or financial position or the property interests of the Government.
(c) Information whose disclosure would harm or prejudice the proper and efficient conduct of the operations of a department.
(d) Information which could only be made available by unreasonable diversion of a department's resources.
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2.10 (a) Papers prepared for, and records of meetings and deliberations of the Executive Council.
(b) Information whose disclosure would inhibit the frankness and candour of discussion within the Government, and advice given to the Government. Such information may include -
(i) records of discussion at any internal government meeting, or at any meeting of a government advisory body;
(ii) opinions, advice, recommendations, consultations and deliberations by government officials or advisers to the Government.
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2.11 Information which would harm or prejudice the management of the public
service.
[Dec 96]
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2.12 Information whose disclosure could lead to improper gain or advantage.
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2.13 (a) Information relating to incomplete analysis, research or statistics, where disclosure could be misleading or deprive the department or any other person of priority of publication or commercial value.
(b) Information held only for preparing statistics or carrying out research, and which relates to individuals, companies or products which will not be identified in reports of that research, or in published statistics.
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2.14 (a) Information held for, or provided by, a third party under an explicit or implicit understanding that it would not be further disclosed. However such information may be disclosed with the third party's consent, or if the public interest in disclosure outweighs any harm or prejudice that would result.
(b) Information provided in confidence by a third party if disclosure to the subject of the information would harm his or any other individual's physical or mental health, or should only be made to him by an appropriate third party. [Dec 96]
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2.15 Information about any person (including a deceased person) other than to the subject of the information, or other appropriate person, unless -
(a) such disclosure is consistent with the purposes for which the information was collected, or
(b) the subject of the information, or other appropriate person, has given consent to its disclosure, or
(c) disclosure is authorised by law, or
(d) the public interest in disclosure outweighs any harm or prejudice that would result.
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2.16 Information including commercial, financial, scientific or technical confidences, trade secrets or intellectual property whose disclosure would harm the competitive or financial position of any person.
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2.17 Information which will soon be published, or whose disclosure would be premature in relation to a planned announcement or publication.
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2.18 Information whose disclosure would constitute -
(a) a contravention of any law which applies in Hong Kong, or
(b) a breach of any obligation arising under common law or under any international agreement which applies to Hong Kong.
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Annex A
(1 JULY 1997)
Agriculture and Fisheries Department
All registries and administrative offices of courts and tribunals for which the Judiciary Administrator has responsibility
Architectural Services Department
Audit Commission
Auxiliary Medical Service (department)
Broadcasting, Culture and Sport Bureau
Buildings Department
Census and Statistics Department
Civil Aid Service (department)
Civil Aviation Department
Civil Engineering Department
Civil Service Bureau
Civil Service Training and Development Institute
Companies Registry
Constitutional Affairs Bureau
Correctional Services Department
Customs and Excise Department
Department of Health
Department of Justice
Drainage Services Department
Economic Services Bureau
Education and Manpower Bureau
Education Department
Electrical and Mechanical Services Department
Environmental Protection Department
Finance Bureau
Financial Services Bureau
Fire Services Department
General Office of the Chief Executive's Office*
Government Flying Service
Government Laboratory
Government Land Transport Agency
Government Property Agency
Government Supplies Department
Health and Welfare Bureau
Highways Department
Home Affairs Bureau
Home Affairs Department
Hong Kong Auxiliary Police Force
Hong Kong Monetary Authority
Hong Kong Observatory
Hong Kong Police Force
Hospital Services Department
Housing Bureau
Housing Department
Immigration Department
Independent Commission Against Corruption
Industry Department
Information Services Department
Information Technology Services Department
Inland Revenue Department
Intellectual Property Department
Labour Department
Land Registry
Lands Department
Legal Aid Department
Management Services Agency
Marine Department
New Airport Project Co-ordination Office
Office of the Commissioner of Insurance
Office of the Telecommunications Authority
Offices of the Chief Secretary for Administration and the Financial Secretary
Official Languages Agency
Official Receiver's Office
Planning Department
Planning, Environment and Lands Bureau
Post Office
Printing Department
Radio Television Hong Kong
Rating and Valuation Department
Regional Services Department
Registration and Electoral Office
Secretariat of the Independent Police Complaints Council
Secretariat of the Public Service Commission
Secretariat of the Standing Commission on Civil Service Salaries and Conditions of Service
Secretariat of the Standing Committee on Disciplined Services Salaries and Conditions of Service
Security Bureau
Social Welfare Department
Student Financial Assistance Agency
Technical Education and Industrial Training Department
Television and Entertainment Licensing Authority
Territory Development Department
Trade and Industry Bureau
Trade Department
Transport Bureau
Transport Department
Treasury
University Grants Committee Secretariat
Urban Services Department
Water Supplies Department
Works Bureau
* Pending amendment of Schedule 1 to the Ombudsman Ordinance, paragraph 1.26 of the Code does not yet apply.
This Annex will be revised as the scope of the Code is extended.
Record may include a document in writing and -
(a) any book, map, plan, graph or drawing;
(b) any photograph;
(c) any label, marking or other writing which identifies or describes anything of which it forms part, or to which it is attached by any means whatsoever;
(d) any diskette, tape, sound-track or other device in which sounds or other data (not being visual images) are embodied so as to be capable (with or without the aid of some other equipment) of being reproduced therefrom;
(e) any film, negative, tape, microfilm, microfiche, CD-ROM or other device in which one or more visual images are embodied so as to be capable (with or without the aid of some other equipment) of being reproduced therefrom; and
(f) anything whatsoever on which is marked any words, figures, letters or symbols which are capable of carrying a definite meaning to persons conversant with them.
This Code may be reproduced freely without seeking permission.